Exploring Translation Techniques of Discourse Markers from Laskar Pelangi into The Rainbow Troops Novel

Abstract

This study aims to explore the types and functions of discourse markers (DMs) in The Rainbow Troops and analyze the translation techniques used in transferring these markers from the original Indonesian novel Laskar Pelangi into its English version. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the researcher thoroughly examined the Indonesian novel Laskar Pelangi and its English translation by downloading their full texts. Data collection involved an in-depth reading and repeated verification of highlighted discourse markers, while the analysis comprised classification and examination of translation techniques based on identified markers. The findings reveal a total of 682 occurrences of DMs in The Rainbow Troops novel. Connective markers were the most frequent occurring 180 times indicating their importance in maintaining narrative flow and logical coherence. In terms of translation techniques, literal translation was predominantly used, especially for markers with direct equivalents in both languages, ensuring that the original meaning and narrative structure were preserved. More complex techniques, such as transposition and modulation, were applied when a more nuanced translation was necessary to maintain naturalness and pragmatic function. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of discourse markers in shaping narrative structure and highlight the translator's careful choices in adapting these markers across languages to retain their function and effect.